| BOOKS OF ACCOUNTS — taxable year 2026 | |
|---|---|
| For a non-VAT freelancer, professional or online seller in the Philippines. Yellow cells are yours to fill. Orange rows are examples — delete them. | |
| Registered name (as on BIR Form 2303) | [YOUR FULL NAME] |
| Business / trade name | [TRADE NAME, IF ANY] |
| TIN (000-000-000-00000) | [TIN] |
| RDO code | [RDO] |
| Registered address | [ADDRESS] |
| Line of business | [e.g. Virtual assistance / graphic design / online selling] |
| Tax type | Non-VAT (percentage tax or 8% option) |
| Income tax option for 2026 | 8% option |
| Taxable year | 2026 |
| Kind of books registered | Loose-leaf (computer-printed, bound at year end) |
| ■ What is in this workbook | |
| 1. Accounts — your chart of accounts and opening balances on 1 January. Rename accounts if you need to; keep the order. | |
| 2. Cash receipts — every peso that comes in: client payments, shop sales, interest. One row per receipt. | |
| 3. Cash disbursements — every peso that goes out: expenses, purchases, drawings, loan payments. | |
| 4. General journal — entries with no cash: invoices not yet paid, depreciation, corrections, 2307 received. | |
| 5. General ledger — totals and balance of every account, filled in automatically from the three journals. | |
| 6. Quarter summary — gross receipts, tax withheld and expenses per quarter, ready for your 1701Q / 2551Q. | |
| ■ How to use it | |
| • Record in date order, at least weekly. Use the same invoice number you put on your BIR-registered invoice. | |
| • Pick accounts from the drop-down lists so the ledger can add them up. | |
| • Money moved between your own accounts (e.g. PayPal → bank): one General journal row, debit the receiving | |
| account and credit the sending one. Do not put it in Cash receipts — it is not income. | |
| • Fees deducted by PayPal/Wise/platforms: record the gross amount in Cash receipts and the fee in Cash disbursements. | |
| • Foreign-currency receipts: record the peso amount actually credited, or convert at the rate of the day; be consistent. | |
| ■ The rules behind it (check the current version before relying on it) | |
| • Every person engaged in business or practice of profession keeps books of accounts — NIRC Sec. 232. | |
| • Books are registered with the BIR (ORUS). Manual books: before use. Loose-leaf books: within 15 days after the | |
| end of the taxable year — for 2026, by 15 January 2027 (RMC No. 91-2024; check for BIR extensions). | |
| • Books and records are kept for five (5) years from the day after the return deadline — NIRC Sec. 235 as amended | |
| by the Ease of Paying Taxes Act (RA 11976). | |
| • Since 27 April 2024 the INVOICE is the primary proof of a sale of services as well as goods; official receipts are | |
| only supplementary (RA 11976, RR No. 7-2024). | |
| • Taxpayers whose gross annual sales exceed ₱3,000,000 need books audited by an independent CPA (NIRC Sec. 232(B)). | |
| Template — check against the current BIR/DepEd rules. Not tax/legal advice. © Layers (layers.md) · CC BY 4.0 |
| CHART OF ACCOUNTS AND OPENING BALANCES | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opening balance = what you have on 1 January 2026. Debit-normal accounts (assets, expenses, drawings) and credit-normal accounts must balance. | ||||
| Code | Account | Type | Normal balance | Opening balance 1 Jan (PHP) |
| 1010 | Cash on hand | Asset | Debit | |
| 1020 | Cash in bank | Asset | Debit | 25,000.00 |
| 1030 | E-wallets (GCash, Maya) | Asset | Debit | 3,000.00 |
| 1040 | Online payment accounts (PayPal, Wise, Payoneer) | Asset | Debit | |
| 1100 | Accounts receivable | Asset | Debit | |
| 1200 | Creditable withholding tax (BIR Form 2307) | Asset | Debit | |
| 1300 | Equipment | Asset | Debit | |
| 2010 | Accounts payable | Liability | Credit | |
| 2100 | Loans payable | Liability | Credit | |
| 3010 | Owner's capital | Equity | Credit | 28,000.00 |
| 3020 | Owner's drawings | Equity | Debit | |
| 4010 | Service income — foreign clients | Income | Credit | |
| 4020 | Service income — local clients | Income | Credit | |
| 4030 | Sales of goods — online shop | Income | Credit | |
| 4090 | Other income (interest, FX gain) | Income | Credit | |
| 5010 | Purchases / cost of goods sold | Expense | Debit | |
| 5100 | Internet and mobile | Expense | Debit | |
| 5110 | Software and subscriptions | Expense | Debit | |
| 5120 | Platform, payment and bank fees | Expense | Debit | |
| 5130 | Small equipment and supplies | Expense | Debit | |
| 5140 | Rent / home-office share | Expense | Debit | |
| 5150 | Electricity and water | Expense | Debit | |
| 5160 | Transportation and delivery | Expense | Debit | |
| 5170 | Professional fees (accountant, lawyer) | Expense | Debit | |
| 5180 | Taxes and licenses | Expense | Debit | |
| 5190 | Training and books | Expense | Debit | |
| 5900 | Other expenses | Expense | Debit | |
| Total debit-normal opening balances | 28,000.00 | |||
| Total credit-normal opening balances | 28,000.00 | |||
| Check | Balanced | |||
| Template — check against the current BIR/DepEd rules. Not tax/legal advice. © Layers (layers.md) · CC BY 4.0 |
| CASH RECEIPTS BOOK — 2026 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taxpayer: [YOUR FULL NAME] TIN: [TIN] | ||||||||||||
| Template — check against the current BIR/DepEd rules. Not tax/legal advice. © Layers (layers.md) · CC BY 4.0 | ||||||||||||
| Totals | 52,050.00 | 300.00 | SUM(J8:J507) | |||||||||
| Gross receipts (income accounts only) | 52,050.00 | |||||||||||
| Date | Invoice / OR No. | Received from | TIN (local payor) | Particulars | Received into | Income / account credited | Gross amount (PHP) | Tax withheld by payor (2307) | Net cash received | Month | Quarter | Account type |
| 2026-01-09 | 0001 | Brightline Studio LLC (USA) | Design retainer, December 2025 — USD 500 via Wise | Online payment accounts (PayPal, Wise, Payoneer) | Service income — foreign clients | 28,650.00 | 0.00 | IF(H8="","",H8-N(I8)) | 1 | 1 | Income | |
| 2026-01-20 | 0002 | Kusina ni Ana Food Trading | 123-456-789-00000 | Social media management, January | Cash in bank | Service income — local clients | 15,000.00 | 300.00 | IF(H9="","",H9-N(I9)) | 1 | 1 | Income |
| 2026-01-28 | SHOP-0115 | Shopee payout (orders 15–27 Jan) | Online shop sales, payout before fees | E-wallets (GCash, Maya) | Sales of goods — online shop | 8,400.00 | 0.00 | IF(H10="","",H10-N(I10)) | 1 | 1 | Income | |
| CASH DISBURSEMENTS BOOK — 2026 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taxpayer: [YOUR FULL NAME] TIN: [TIN] | |||||||||||
| Template — check against the current BIR/DepEd rules. Not tax/legal advice. © Layers (layers.md) · CC BY 4.0 | |||||||||||
| Total paid out | 15,149.00 | ||||||||||
| Of which expenses | 5,149.00 | ||||||||||
| Date | Voucher / ref. No. | Paid to | TIN of supplier | Particulars | Paid from | Account debited | Amount (PHP) | Supporting document | Month | Quarter | Account type |
| 2026-01-05 | CD-001 | PLDT Inc. | 000-488-793-00000 | Fibre internet, January | Cash in bank | Internet and mobile | 1,699.00 | Invoice | 1 | 1 | Expense |
| 2026-01-09 | CD-002 | Wise | Transfer fee on Brightline payment | Online payment accounts (PayPal, Wise, Payoneer) | Platform, payment and bank fees | 250.00 | Statement | 1 | 1 | Expense | |
| 2026-01-15 | CD-003 | Adobe | Creative Cloud subscription, January | Cash in bank | Software and subscriptions | 3,200.00 | Invoice (foreign) | 1 | 1 | Expense | |
| 2026-01-31 | CD-004 | [YOUR NAME] | Owner withdrawal for household | Cash in bank | Owner's drawings | 10,000.00 | None | 1 | 1 | Equity | |
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| GENERAL JOURNAL — 2026 |
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| GENERAL LEDGER — account totals 2026 |
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| QUARTER SUMMARY — figures for your 1701Q and 2551Q |
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